O‘ZBEKISTON HUDUDIDAN TOPILGAN QADIMGI SHARQ MADANIYATLARIGA OID MANBALAR.
This article examines material sources related to the ancient civilizations of the Near East – Mesopotamia, Iran, and the Harappan culture – discovered in Uzbekistan and neighboring regions. Various minerals and raw materials identified in archaeological finds (lapis lazuli, chlorite, argillite, alabaster, faience, ivory, etc.) are analyzed with regard to their origin and distribution. Material evidence highlights cultural and trade connections that existed between Central Asia and the urban centers of Mesopotamia, Harappa, Shahr-i Sokhta, Asmar, and Jemdet Nasr during the 3rd–2nd millennia BC. The technological and stylistic features of artifacts found in the Fergana Valley, Zarafshan Valley, and the Tashkent oasis are examined comparatively, allowing the determination of their cultural association with the populations of the Early Eastern “first civilization.” Overall, the study concludes that the territories of Central Asia were integrated into early forms of long-distance cultural and commercial interactions with ancient civilizations.
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