Ijtimoiy-gumanitar fanlar

IRRIGATION POLICY AND REDISTRIBUTION OF WATER RESOURCES IN THE ARAL BASIN DURING THE SOVIET PERIOD (1960-1991

Aral Sea, irrigation policy, water resources, cotton monoculture, Amu Darya, Syr Darya, ecological crisis, Soviet water management, Resolution No. 1110, basin authority.

Authors

  • Nodirbek DADABOYEV Mustaqil izlanuvchi, O‘zbekiston Milliy universiteti, Toshkent, O‘zbekiston, Uzbekistan

Drawing on historical documents and international assessment reports, this article examines the intensification of Soviet irrigation policy in the Aral Sea basin between 1960 and 1991 and the resulting redistribution of water resources. Quantitative indicators trace the link between irrigated land, hydraulic infrastructure and the cotton monoculture, and show how changes in the sea’s level, area, volume and salinity followed from political decisions. The article compares the content and the degree of implementation of the union-level documents of 1986-1991 -Resolutions No. 64 and No. 1110, the Resolution of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of 27 November 1989 and Resolution No. 261. The author concludes that official recognition of an ecological crisis is not in itself sufficient to resolve it: as long as implementation mechanisms and economic incentives remain unchanged, even comprehensive documents remain declarative.