CHANGES IN FREE AMINO ACID AND VITAMIN LEVELS IN CALLUS TISSUES OF SALSOLA RICHTERI CULTURED UNDER STRESS CONDITIONS
Callus tissues derived from leaf explants of Salsola richteri were cultured under salt stress by introducing NaCl into the growth medium at concentrations of 50, 100, 200, and 300 mM. Their chemical composition was subsequently analyzed. The callus was found to contain ten essential amino acids, including threonine (3.14–6.53 mg/g), arginine (0.60–2.26 mg/g), valine (0.64–0.84 mg/g), histidine (0.89–1.19 mg/g), tryptophan (1.78–1.94 mg/g), phenylalanine (0.36–0.57 mg/g), and lysine (0.06–0.09 mg/g), particularly in cultures grown with 200 mM NaCl. Among the metabolized amino acids, glycine and asparagine reached 2.94–2.96 mg/g, while proline accumulated up to 1.33 mg/g. The presence of ascorbic acid and B-group vitamins was also confirmed in S. richteri callus. Notably, vitamins B6 and B9 increased by 5.83–7.92 mg/g compared with the control.
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