SYNTHESIS OF 4-BUTYLMORPHOLINE WITH NONYL ESTER OF MONOCHLOROACETIC ACID IN VARIOUS SOLVENTS
The article is devoted to the study of alternative conditions for the reaction of morpholine with monochloroacetic acid and the
determination of their structure and properties. The interaction reaction between morpholine and monochloroacetic ether acid, as
well as the reaction process in various solvents (water, ethanol, DMF), alkaline medium (NaOH, K₂CO₃) and physical factors
(temperature, microwave radiation) was taken as the object. Alternative and energy-saving conditions for the reaction of
morpholine with monochloroacetic acid were comprehensively studied. Optimal conditions for the reaction (polar aprotic solvent
medium, temperature 80–90°C and the presence of K₂CO₃) were determined, and a high (94–96%) yield was achieved. The
microwave synthesis method significantly reduced the reaction time and reduced energy consumption. The reaction kinetics were
studied, the activation energy was calculated, and the process was confirmed to proceed according to the SN2 mechanism.
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