ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ К АНАЛИЗУ ВНЕШНЕЙ ПОЛИТИКИ: РЕАЛИЗМ, КОНСТРУКТИВИЗМ, ПОСТКОЛОНИАЛИЗМ

This article examines the main theoretical approaches to the analysis of foreign policy in contemporary political science. Particular attention is paid to realism, constructivism, and postcolonialism as the most significant schools of thought in the study of international relations. The key tenets of each approach, their methodological characteristics, and differences in understanding the role of the state, the international system, identity, and historical experience in shaping foreign policy are analyzed. The advantages and limitations of these theories in the context of contemporary international processes are examined.