СHANGES IN THE PROPERTIES OF IRRIGATED SOILS OF THE LOWER OF THE AMUDARYA RIVER UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF DESERTIFICATION

This article discusses the issues of the soil cover of the lower Amudarya region, changes in soil properties of the soils of the
lower reaches of the Amudarya River under the influence of desertification processes. As a result of the increased natural and
anthropogenic impact on the Aral Sea, the deterioration of the ecological situation, the natural balance has been disturbed, the
processes of drying and desertification have intensified, and this has led to an increase in salinity. And also in the article we are
talking about an increase in salinity and this had a negative impact on the formation of levels, types and chemical composition of
salinity in different parts of the region, a sharp increase in the reserves of toxic salts in the soil layers, the fertility of crops and the
ameliorative state of soils. Under the influence of degradation and desertification processes, solonchaks were formed in large
areas, a sharp deterioration in the reclamation and ecological state of irrigated lands, activation of secondary salinization
processes, an annual increase in the area of saline lands, and a decrease in the size of sown areas led to a decrease in the yield of
cultivated crops.