CONCEPT AND EVOLUTION OF IDEOLOGY

This article explores the concept of ideology, its etymology, and historical evolution. The paper highlights the developmental stages of ideology from ancient times to the present day, its role and functions in the life of society and the state. The authors analyze the evolution of ideological views from antiquity to modern times, providing information about the main ideas, concepts, and their representatives at each historical stage. The article also examines the unifying, programming, guiding, mobilizing, manipulative, and protective functions of ideology. As a result of the research, conclusions are drawn about the impact of ideological evolution on the development of society, the dangers of negative forms such as dogmatism and totalitarianism, as well as the importance of national ideology in today's world.