Ijtimoiy-gumanitar fanlar

SAMARQANDNING ROSSIYA IMPERIYASI TOMONIDAN BOSIB OLINISHI VA ZIRABULOQ JANGINING OQIBATLARI

Bukhara Emirate, Russian Empire, Konstantin Kaufman, Defense of Samarkand, Battle of Chupan-Ata, Battle of Zirabuloq, Zarafshan District, Emir Muzaffar, military strategy, colonial administration

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This study is dedicated to analyzing the strategic, tactical, and political aspects of the Russian Empire’s military campaign in the Zarafshan Valley in 1868. The article examines the capture of Samarkand, the dynamics of military actions at the battles of Chupan-Ata and Zirabuloq, and the resistance of the local population against imperial troops, based on primary sources and historical documents. The research reveals the factors contributing to the defeat of the Bukhara Emirate's forces: the crisis in central administration, military-technical backwardness, and strategic errors. Furthermore, scientific assessment is provided regarding the establishment of the Zarafshan District and the impact of the 1868 peace treaty on the emirate’s sovereignty and the shift in the region’s geopolitical status. The study concludes that this campaign served as a turning point, leading not only to territorial losses but also to the transformation of the traditional statehood system in the region.