BASIC CONCEPTS OF SOCIOLINGUISTICS
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Sociolinguistics examines the relationship between language and society. This article discusses the core concepts of sociolinguistics, including dialects, bilingualism, diglossia, language functions, language policy and planning, language change, identification, code-switching, and linguistic inequality. It also highlights the contributions of prominent scholars such as William Labov, Joshua Fishman, Basil Bernstein, Dell Hymes, John Gumperz, Einar Haugen, and Pierre Bourdieu to the field of sociolinguistics. The article analyzes how language is interconnected with social environments.
Bernstein B. Class, Codes and Control: Theoretical Studies towards a Sociology of Language.- London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1971.
Bourdieu P. Ce que parler veut dire: L'économie des échanges linguistiques.- Parij: Fayar, 1982.
Fergyuson S. Diglossiya. - London: Word, 1959.
Fishman J. Language and Nationalism: Two Integrative Essays. - Rowley, Massachusetts: Newbury House Publishers, 1972.
Gumperz J. Discourse Strategies. - Kembrij: Cambridge University Press, 1982.
Haugen E. The Ecology of Language. - Stenford: Stanford University Press, 1972.
Hymes D. Foundations in Sociolinguistics: An Ethnographic Approach. - Filadelfiya: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1974.
Labov W. The Social Stratification of English in New York City. -Vashington: Center for Applied Linguistics, 1966.
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