XITOYNING SHANXAY HAMKORLIK TASHKILOTI DOIRASIDA AFG‘ONISTONGA NISBATAN SIYOSATI
This article analyzes the policy of the People’s Republic of China towards Afghanistan within the framework of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, examining it through the lenses of security, geoeconomic interests, and regional strategies. The article covers three distinct periods post-2001: the phase of international military intervention; the period of increased engagement associated with the “Belt and Road” Initiative; and the era of pragmatic adaptation under Taliban rule since 2021. It also specifically analyzes how China's Afghanistan policy is intrinsically linked to the SCO’s mechanisms for counter-terrorism, combating transnational threats and drug trafficking, and ensuring regional stability. In conclusion, the article argues that China's policy is predicated on cautious, gradual, and conditional pragmatism, and that the SCO serves as a crucial platform for institutionalizing this policy.
1. Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. 2017, January 9. About Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. Electron resource: https://eng.sectsco.org/20170109/192193.html
2. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China. 2023, April 12. China’s position on the Afghan issue. Electron resource: https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/gjhdq_665435/2675_665437/2676_663356/2677_663358/202304/ t20230412_11057785.html
3. S. Rauf. Transboundary interactions between Afghanistan and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization after the U.S. withdrawal. Vestnik RUDN. International Relations. 2024. –P.12-19.
4. H. Khan. The stabilizing role of Shanghai Cooperation Organization in Afghanistan. Central Asia, 91, 2023. –P.39-58.
5. Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. The Samarkand Declaration of the Heads of State Council of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. 2022. // Electron resource: https://eng.sectsco.org/images/07e8/0c/14/1626298.pdf
6. Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. Political and diplomatic cooperation: SCO Secretariat and RATS-related updates. https://eng.sectsco.org/politics/
7. B. Buzan, O. Wæver. Regions and powers: The structure of international security. Cambridge University Press. 2003. –P.43.
8. International Crisis Group. The Taliban’s neighbourhood: Regional diplomacy with Afghanistan. 2024. Electron resource: https://www.crisisgroup.org/sites/default/files/2024-01/337-afghanistan-regional-dynamics%20%281%29.pdf
9. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China. Wang Yi on the outcomes of the trilateral meeting of foreign ministers of China, Afghanistan and Pakistan. 2025, May 21. Electron resource: https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/wjbzhd/202505/t20250521_11629994.html
10. Reuters. China, Afghanistan hold talks on mining, Belt and Road participation. 2025, August 20. https://www.reuters.com/world/china/china-afghanistan-hold-talks-mining-belt-road-participation-2025-08-20/
11. National Bureau of Asian Research. China's great waiting game in Afghanistan. 2026. Electron resource: https://strategicspace.nbr.org/chinas-great-waiting-game-in-afghanistan/
12. Van Wieringen, J. Claustre. Future of Sino-Afghan relations: Impacts on EU interests and strategic autonomy. European Parliamentary Research Service. 2023. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/BRIE/2023/747434/EPRS_BRI (2023)747434_EN.pdf
13. M. Mansoori. China's accommodation of Taliban 2.0. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. 2025. // Electron resource: https://carnegieendowment.org/research/2025/11/chinas-accommodation-of-taliban-20
14. L. Umami, B. Cipto. China’s Afghan policy: De facto recognition of the Taliban regime. Intermestic: Journal of International Studies, 8(1), 2023. –P.57-79
15. F. Zhang. China's new engagement with Afghanistan after the withdrawal. LSE Public Policy Review, 2(3), 2022. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.31389/lseppr.52
Copyright (c) 2026 «ACTA NUUz»
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
.jpg)
1.png)
