EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL WASTES ON SOIL FERTILITY AND MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE (CASE STUDY OF THE BEKABAD INDUSTRIAL ZONE)
In this scientific article, the comprehensive impact of technogenic and industrial wastes on the genetic-morphological structure,
physicochemical properties, and agrochemical fertility indicators of soil layers under the conditions of the Bekabad industrial zone
(adjacent territories of Uzbek Metallurgical Plant JSC) was evaluated. During the study, full soil profiles (soil pits) down to a depth
of 1.5 meters were examined, and the morphology of genetic horizons (color, bulk density, structure, chemical and technogenic
neoformations), humus reserves, macroelement (N, P, K) balances, as well as the patterns of redistribution and accumulation of
heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Cr) in the soil profile were analyzed. The results revealed that the morphological profile of soils
surrounding the industrial zone (0.5–1.5 km) underwent severe technogenic transformation, the humus content in the arable layer
(0–30 cm) decreased by 36%, and the concentration levels of heavy metals such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and zinc (Zn) exceeded
the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) standards by 1.37 to 2.10 times. The article provides scientific and practical
recommendations on phytoremediation and agro-reclamation measures to restore the soil fertility of these areas.
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